Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness
Volume 9, Issue 1 , Pages 15-23 , 2011

Measuring Children's Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors

  • Paul D. Loprinzi

      Affiliations

    • Department of Exercise Science, Bellarmine University, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding Author Paul D. Loprinzi, Department of Exercise Science, Bellarmine University, Louisville, KY 40205, USA.
  • ,
  • Bradley J. Cardinal

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA

References 

  1. Bailey RC , Olson J , Pepper SL , Porszasz J , Barstow TJ , Cooper DM . The level and tempo of children's physical activities: an observational study . Med Sci Sports Exerc . 1995;27:1033–1041
  2. Baranowski T , Dworkin RJ , Cieslik CJ . Reliability and validity of self-report of aerobic activity: Family Health Project . Res Q Exerc Sport . 1984;55:309–317
  3. Beets MW , Patton MM , Edwards S . The accuracy of pedometer steps and time during walking in children . Med Sci Sports Exerc . 2005;37:513–520
  4. Brown WH , Pfeiffer KA , McLver KL , Dowda M , Almeida MJ , Pate RR . Assessing preschool children's physical activity: the Observational System for Recording Physical Activity in children-preschool version . Res Q Exerc Sport . 2006;77:167–176
  5. Bryant MJ , Lucove JC , Evenson KR , Marshall S . Measurement of television viewing in children and adolescents: a systematic review . Obes Rev . 2007;8:197–209
  6. De Vries SI , Bakker I , Hopman-Rock M . Clinimetric review of motion sensors in children and adolescents . J Clin Epidemiol . 2006;59:670–680
  7. Dollman J , Okely AD , Hardy L , Timperio A , Salmon J , Hills AP . A hitchhiker's guide to assessing young people's physical activity: deciding what method to use . J Sci Med Sport . 2009;12:518–525
  8. Eston RG , Rowlands A , Ingledew DK . Validity of heart rate, pedometry, and accelerometry for predicting the energy cost of children's activities . J Appl Physiol . 1998;84:362–371
  9. Fairweather S , Reilly JJ , Grant S . Using the Computer Science and Applications (CSA) activity monitor in preschool children . Ped Exerc Sci . 1999;11:413–420
  10. Finn KJ , Specker B . Comparison of Actiwatch activity monitor and Children's Activity Rating Scale in children . Med Sci Sports Exerc . 2000;32:1794–1797
  11. Ford ES , Kohl HW , Mokdad AH , Ajani UA . Sedentary behavior, physical activity, and the metabolic syndrome among US adults . Obes Res . 2005;13:608–614
  12. Freedson P , Pober D , Janz KF . Calibration of accelerometer output for children . Med Sci Sports Exerc . 2005;37(11 Suppl):S523–S530
  13. Freedson PS , Melanson E , Sirard J . Calibration of the Computer Science and Applications, Inc. accelerometer . Med Sci Sports Exerc . 1998;30:777–781
  14. Goran MI . Application of the doubly labeled water technique for studying total energy expenditure in young children: a review . Ped Exerc Sci . 1994;6:11–30
  15. Gorely T , Marshall SJ , Biddle SJ , Cameron N . The prevalence of leisure time sedentary behaviour and physical activity in adolescent girls: an ecological momentary assessment approach . Int J Pediatr Obes . 2007;2:227–234
  16. Hu FB , Li T , Colditz GA , Willett WC , Manson JE . Television watching and other sedentary behaviors in relation to risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus in women . JAMA . 2003;289:1785–1791
  17. Hussey J , Bell C , Gormley J . The measurement of physical activity in children . Phys Ther Rev . 2007;12:52–58
  18. Jago R , Watson K , Baranowski T , Zakeri I , Yoo S , Baranowski J . Pedometer reliability, validity and daily activity targets among 10- to 15-year-old boys . J Sports Sci . 2006;24:241–251
  19. Kohl HW , Fulton JE , Caspersen CJ . Assessment of physical activity among children and adolescents . Prev Med . 2000;31:S11–S33
  20. Livingstone MB , Coward WA , Prentice AM , Davies PS , Strain JJ , McKenna PG . Daily energy expenditure in free-living children: comparison of heart-rate monitoring with the doubly labeled water (2H2(18)O) method . Am J Clin Nutr . 1992;56:343–352
  21. Logan N , Reilly JJ , Grant S , Paton JY . Resting heart rate definition and its effect on apparent levels of physical activity in young children . Med Sci Sports Exerc . 2000;32:162–166
  22. Louie L , Chan L . The use of pedometry to evaluate the physical activity levels among preschool children in Hong Kong . Early Child Dev Care . 2003;173:97–107
  23. Louie L , Eston RG , Rowlands AV , Tong KK , Ingledew DK , Fu FH . Validity of heart rate, pedometry, and accelerometry for estimating the energy cost of activity in Hong Kong Chinese boys . Ped Exerc Sci . 1999;11:229–239
  24. Marshall SJ , Biddle SJ , Gorely T , Cameron N , Murdey I . Relationships between media use, body fatness and physical activity in children and youth: a meta-analysis . Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord . 2004;28:1238–1246
  25. Matthews CE , Chen KY , Freedson PS , Buchowski MS , Beech BM , Pate RR . Amount of time spent in sedentary behaviors in the United States, 2003–2004 . Am J Epidemiol . 2008;167:875–881
  26. Mattocks C , Leary S , Ness A , Deere K , Saunders J , Tilling K . Calibration of an accelerometer during free-living activities in children . Int J Pediatr Obes . 2007;2:218–226
  27. Mattocks C , Tilling K , Ness A , Riddoch C . Improvements in the measurement of physical activity in childhood obesity research; lessons from large studies of accelerometers . Clin Med Pediatr . 2008;2:27–36
  28. McClain JJ , Abraham TL , Brusseau TA , Tudor-Locke C . Epoch length and accelerometer outputs in children: comparison to direct observation . Med Sci Sports Exerc . 2008;40:2080–2087
  29. McKenzie TJ . Use of direct observation to assess physical activity . In:  Welk G editors. Physical Activity Assessments for Health-related Research . Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics; 2002;p. 179–195
  30. McKenzie TL , Marshall SJ , Sallis JF . Leisure-time physical activity in school environments: an observation study using SOPLAY . Prev Med . 2000;30:70–77
  31. Metz CE . Basic principles of ROC analysis . Semin Nucl Med . 1978;8:283–298
  32. Mitchell JA , Mattocks C , Ness AR , Leary SD , Pate RR , Dowda M . Sedentary behavior and obesity in a large cohort of children . Obesity (Silver Spring) . 2009;17:1596–1602
  33. Nilsson A , Ekelund U , Yngve A , Sjostrom M . Assessing physical activity among children with accelerometers using different sampling intervals and placements . Ped Exerc Sci . 2002;14:87–96
  34. Noland M , Danner F , DeWalt K , McFadden M , Kotchen JM . The measurement of physical activity in young children . Res Q Exerc Sport . 1990;61:146–153
  35. Puhl J , Greaves K , Hoyt M , Baranowski T . Children's Activity Rating Scale (CARS): description and calibration . Res Q Exerc Sport . 1990;61:26–36
  36. Ramirez-Marrero FA , Smith BA , Kirby TE , Leenders N , Sherman WM . Evaluation of a step-counter during treadmill walking in 7–12 year-old African-American children . J Natl Black Nurses Assoc . 2002;13:1–5
  37. Ramirez-Marrero FA , Smith BA , Sherman WM , Kirby TE . Comparison of methods to estimate physical activity and energy expenditure in African American children . Int J Sports Med . 2004;26:363–371
  38. Reilly JJ , Coyle J , Kelly L , Burke G , Grant S , Paton JY . An objective method for measurement of sedentary behavior in 3- to 4-year-olds . Obes Res . 2003;11:1155–1158
  39. Riddoch CJ , Mattocks C , Deere K , Saunders J , Kirkby J , Tilling K . Objective measurement of levels and patterns of physical activity . Arch Dis Child . 2007;92:963–969
  40. Rowlands AV , Thomas PW , Eston RG , Topping R . Validation of the RT3 triaxial accelerometer for the assessment of physical activity . Med Sci Sports Exerc . 2004;36:518–524
  41. Sallis JF . Self-report measures of children's physical activity . J Sch Health . 1991;61:215–219
  42. Sallis JF , Buono MJ , Roby JJ , Carlson D , Nelson JA . The Caltrac accelerometer as a physical activity monitor for school-age children . Med Sci Sports Exerc . 1990;22:698–703
  43. Sallis JF , Saelens BE . Assessment of physical activity by selfreport: status, limitations, and future directions . Res Q Exerc Sport . 2000;71(2 Suppl):S1–S14
  44. Saris W . The assessment and evaluation of daily physical activity in children: a review . Acta Paediatr Scandinavia Suppl . 1985;318:37–48
  45. Sirard JR , Pate RR . Physical activity assessment in children and adolescents . Sports Med . 2001;31:439–454
  46. Sirard JR , Trost SG , Pfeiffer KA , Dowda M , Pate RR . Calibration and evaluation of an objective measure of physical activity in preschool children . J Phys Act Health . 2005;3:345–357
  47. Treuth MS , Schmitz K , Catellier DJ , McMurray RG , Murray DM , Almeida MJ . Defining accelerometer thresholds for activity intensities in adolescent girls . Med Sci Sports Exerc . 2004;36:1259–1266
  48. Trost SG , Pate RR , Freedson PS , Sallis JF , Taylor WC . Using objective physical activity measures with youth: how many days of monitoring are needed? . Med Sci Sports Exerc . 2000;32:426–431
  49. Troutman SR , Allor KM , Hartmann DC , Pivarnik JM . MINILOGGER-reliability and validity for estimating energy expenditure and heart rate in adolescents . Res Q Exerc Sport . 1999;70:70–74
  50. Vale S , Santos R , Silva P , Soares-Miranda L , Mota J . Preschool children physical activity measurement: importance of epoch length choice . Ped Exerc Sci . 2009;21:413–420

PII: S1728-869X(11)60002-6

doi: 10.1016/S1728-869X(11)60002-6

Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness
Volume 9, Issue 1 , Pages 15-23 , 2011